What is Reservation?
Reservation means special opportunity. Constitution has given special opportunity to those who were kept intentionally away from the social, economic, personal development for many years. This principle is not only follow in India but also well developed countries like America where government has given special opportunities to black people. Martin Luther King was fought for the advancement of civil rights using nonviolent civil disobedience for black people. There was discrimination on the basis of colour of skin between black people and white people, similarly in India we have discrimination from 5000 year on the basic of cast. To abolish the inequality and to step towards equality is nothing but Reservation. Reservation means Representation. Representation of every cast (class) in every sector of development.
List of countries who has reservation in some form in order to create social equality:
1. In 1969 the UN hosted the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination.
2. Brazil has Vestibular
3. Canada has Employment equity (Canada) which affects aboriginals and minorities
4. China reserves positions for ethnic minorities and women
5. Finland has quotas for Swedish speakers
6. Germany has quotas in their Gymnasium system
7. Israel has affirmative action
8. Japan has policies to help the Burakumin, who are considered the outcaste group of Japan.
9. Macedonia has quotas for Albanians
10. Malaysia has the Malaysian New Economic Policy
11. New Zealand has affirmative action for Maoris and Polynesians
12. Norway requires 40% of the PCLs boards to be women.
13. Romania has quotas for Romas
14. South Africa has Employment Equity
15. South Korea has affirmative action for Chinese and North Koreans
16. Sri Lanka has rules for Christians and Tamils
17. Sweden has general affirmative action
18. The United Kingdom has the Equality Act 2010
19. The United States has Affirmative Action
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